The Simple Past
The simple past is used to talk about activities or situations that began and ended at a particular time in the past (e.g., yesterday, last night, two days ago, in 2006).
- Min Soo cooked dinner last night.
- I played computer games for 2 hours yesterday.
Most verbs are formed by adding -ed to the end of the verb. They are called regular verbs. However, there are many verbs which have an irregular form. See the table below for a list of common irregular verbs.
- My mother worked very hard last week.
- My family ate dinner together last night.
Statement
{ I – You – We – They – He – She – It } studied.
Negative
{ I – You – We – They – He – She – It } did not study.
Question
Did { I – you – we – they – he – she -it } study?
Short Answer
Yes, { I – you – we – they – he – she – it } did.
No, { I – you – we – they – he – she – it } didn’t.
Irregular Verbs
Some verbs do not become past by adding -ed. There are quite a few verbs that we call irregular. You must simply memorize the past forms of these verbs.
SIMPLE FORM |
SIMPLE PAST |
PAST PARTICIPLE |
arise | arose | arisen |
be | was/were | been |
bear | bore | borne/born |
beat | beat | beaten/beat |
become | became | become |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bet | bet | bet |
bid | bid | bid |
bind | bound | bound |
bite | bit | bitten |
bleed | bled | bled |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
breed | bred | bred |
bring | brought | brought |
broadcast | broadcast | broadcast |
build | built | built |
burst | burst | burst |
buy | bought | bought |
cast | cast | cast |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
cling | clung | clung |
come | came | come |
cost | cost | cost |
creep | crept | crept |
cut | cut | cut |
deal | dealt | dealt |
dig | dug | dug |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
eat | ate | eaten |
fall | fell | fallen |
feed | fed | fed |
feel | felt | felt |
fight | fought | fought |
find | found | found |
fit | fit | fit |
flee | fled | fled |
fling | flung | flung |
fly | flew | flown |
forbid | forbade | forbidden |
forecast | forecast | forecast |
forget | forgot | forgotten |
forgive | forgave | forgiven |
forsake | forsook | forsaken |
freeze | froze | frozen |
get | got | gotten |
give | gave | given |
go | went | gone |
grind | ground | ground |
grow | grew | grown |
hang | hung | hung |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
hide | hid | hidded |
hit | hit | hit |
hold | held | held |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
keep | kept | kept |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
leave | left | left |
lend | lent | lent |
let | let | let |
lie | lay | lain |
light | lit/lighted | lit/lighted |
lose | lost | lost |
make | made | made |
SIMPLE FORM |
SIMPLE PAST |
PAST PARTICIPLE |
mean | meant | meant |
meet | met | met |
mislay | mislaid | mislaid |
mistake | mistook | mistaken |
pay | paid | paid |
put | put | put |
quit | quit | quit |
read | read | read |
rid | rid | rid |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
run | ran | run |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
seek | sought | sought |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
set | set | set |
shake | shook | shaken |
shed | shed | shed |
shine | shone/shined | shone/shined |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown |
shrink | shrank/shrunk | shrank/shrunk |
shut | shut | shut |
sing | sang | sung |
sit | sat | sat |
sleep | slept | slept |
slide | slid | slid |
slit | slit | slit |
speak | spoke | spoken |
speed | sped/speeded | sped/speeded |
spend | spent | spent |
spin | spun | spun |
spit | spit/spat | spit/spat |
split | split | split |
spread | spread | spread |
spring | sprang/sprung | sprung |
stand | stood | stood |
steal | stole | stolen |
stick | stuck | stuck |
sting | stung | stung |
stink | stank/stunk | stunk |
strive | strove | striven |
strike | struck | struck/stricken |
string | strung | strung |
swear | swore | sworn |
sweep | swept | swept |
swim | swam | swum |
swing | swung | swung |
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
tell | told | told |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | thrown |
thrust | thrust | thrust |
understand | understood | understood |
undertake | undertook | undertaken |
upset | upset | upset |
wake | woke/waked | woken/waked |
wear | wore | worn |
weave | wove | woven |
weep | wept | wept |
win | won | won |
wind | wound | wound |
withdraw | withdrew | withdrawn |
wring | wrung | wrung |
write | wrote | written |